Children's Anxiety During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Literature Review
Keywords:
anak, COVID-19, kecemasanAbstract
Latar Belakang: Pendemi COVID-19 menimbulkan masalah kesehatan mental yang diperkirakan akan meningkat hari demi hari selama epidemi ini, meningkatnya stres dan kecemasan. COVID-19 tidak hanya menyerang terhadap kesehatan fisik namun juga menyerang kesehatan psikologis. Keadaan ini membuat individu merasa terganggu kesehatan psikologisnya seperti kecemasan terutama pada usia anak. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecemasan pada anak dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya dari berbagai artikel. Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah literature review, dengan menggunakan data based Google Scholar, Pubmed dan Proquest. Pencarian dilakukan dengan keyword reference berdasarkan PICO yang telah ditentukan yaitu menggunakan kata kunci: Anak, COVID-19, kecemasan, pada data based Google Scholar. Sedangkan pencarian artikel Internasional dengan data based Proquest menggunakan keyword: Children, Covid-19, Anxiety. Pencarian dalam data based Pubmed menggunakan keyword: (“Children” AND “Covid-19” AND “Anxiety”) Hasil: Dari data based Proquest ditemukan 3 artikel, Pubmed 4 artikel, dan Google Scholar 3 artikel jadi total 10 artikel yang direview, selama pandemi COVID-19 kecemasan pada anak lebih tinggi dari biasanya. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya yaitu faktor internal (usia), dan faktor eksternal lingkungan (orang tua yang masih muda dan kurang pendidikan,memiliki anggota atau teman yang terinfeksi COVID-19, orang tua yang memiliki kecemasan yang tinggi, lockdown, karantina, isolasi dan penutupan sekolah. Kesimpulan: Selama pandemi COVID-19 anak usia sekolah mengalami kecemasan yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal maupun eksternal.
References
[2] Dinkes Jawa Tengah, “Data Corona,” 2020. https://corona.jatengprov.go.id/.
[3] IDAI, “https://www.idai.or.id/tentang-idai/pernyataan-idai/panduan-klinis-tata-laksana-covid-19-pada-anak.” 2020.
[4] B. Soediono, “INFO DATIN KEMENKES RI Kondisi Pencapaian Program Kesehatan Anak Indonesia,” J. Chem. Inf. Model., vol. 53, p. 160, 2014.
[5] IDAI, “Panduan Klinis Tata Laksana COVID-19 Pada Anak,” Indones. Pediatr. Soc., p. 33, 2020.
[6] D. Roy, S. Tripathy, S. Kumar, and N. Sharma, “Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID- 19 . The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect , the company ’ s public news and information ,” no. January, 2020.
[7] A. Filipova, O. Zubova, and L. Tolvaišis, “Children and the Pandemic: Anxiety, Hopes and Everyday Life,” vol. 486, no. Rtcov, pp. 435–438, 2020, doi: 10.2991/assehr.k.201105.078.
[8] Salvador I., “Children Living a Global Pandemic: Anxiety Repercussions [Online First], IntechOpen,” 2021.
[9] L. A. de Araújo, C. F. Veloso, M. de C. Souza, J. M. C. de Azevedo, and G. Tarro, “The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child growth and development: a systematic review,” J. Pediatr. (Rio. J)., vol. 97, no. 4, pp. 369–377, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2020.08.008.
[10] W. S. Kusuma and P. Sutapa, “Dampak Pembelajaran Daring terhadap Perilaku Sosial Emosional Anak,” J. Obs. J. Pendidik. Anak Usia Dini, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 1635–1643, 2020, doi: 10.31004/obsesi.v5i2.940.
[11] Nursalam, Konsep Penerapan Metode Penelitian Ilmu Keperawatan. Jakarata: Salemba Medika, 2013.
[12] A. S. Denney and R. Tewksbury, “How to Write a Literature Review,” J. Crim. Justice Educ., vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 218–234, 2013, doi: 10.1080/10511253.2012.730617.
[13] J. Briggs, “Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses,” Joanna Briggs Inst., 2017, [Online]. Available: http://joannabriggs.org/research/critical-appraisal-tools.htmlwww.joannabriggs.org%0Awww.joannabriggs.org.
[14] M. J. Page et al., “The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews,” BMJ, vol. 372, 2021, doi: 10.1136/bmj.n71.
[15] M. Orgilés et al., “Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Children and Adolescents during COVID-19 Pandemic : A Transcultural Approach,” vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 125–130, 2021, doi: 10.7334/psicothema2020.287.
[16] M. Zengin, E. H. Yayan, and E. Vicnelio?lu, “The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children’s lifestyles and anxiety levels,” J. Child Adolesc. Psychiatr. Nurs., pp. 1–7, 2021, doi: 10.1111/jcap.12316.
[17] M. N. Saifudin, M. & Kholidin, “Pengaruh Terapi Menulis Ekspresif Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Siswa Kelas XII MA Ruhul Amin Yayasan SPMMA (Sumber Pendidikan Mental Agama Allah) Turi di Desa Turi Kecamatan Turi Kabupaten Lamongan. Jurnal Media Komunikasi Ilmu Kesehatan,” no. 7 (3) : ISSN 1979 – 9128, 2015.
[18] W. A. Irawan and F. Zulaikha, “Pengaruh Terapi Mendongeng Terhadap Kecemasan pada Anak Akibat Hospitalisasi Di Ruang Melati RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda,” Borneo Student Reseach, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 1752–1760, 2020.
[19] M. A. G. de Avila et al., “Children’s anxiety and factors related to the covid-19 pandemic: An exploratory study using the children’s anxiety questionnaire and the numerical rating scale,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 17, no. 16, pp. 1–13, 2020, doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165757.
[20] D. Novrianda, Hermalinda, and M. Fauziah, “Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kecemasan Orang Tua pada Anak Pra-Operasi Di Ruang Bedah Anak,” J. Keperawatan, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 36–47, 2019.
[21] L. Duan et al., “An investigation of mental health status of children and adolescents in china during the outbreak of COVID-19,” J. Affect. Disord., vol. 275, pp. 112–118, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.029.
[22] S. I. Garcia-Adasme et al., “Pediatric home confinement due to COVID-19: Somatic and anxiety spectrum consequences,” J. Clin. Nurs., no. January, pp. 1–11, 2021, doi: 10.1111/jocn.15829.
[23] N. Khofiyah and F. E. Cahyani, “Pemberian Edukasi tentang Peran Orang Tua dalam Pencegahan COVID-19 pada Anak Pra Sekolah,” JPKMI (Jurnal Pengabdi. Kpd. Masy. Indones., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 145–152, 2021, doi: 10.36596/jpkmi.v2i2.152.
[24] S. Yeasmin, R. Banik, S. Hossain, N. Hossain, and R. Mahumud, “Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID- 19 . The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect , the company ’ s public news and information ,” no. January, 2020.
[25] Y. Liu et al., “Associations between feelings/behaviors during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown and depression/anxiety after lockdown in a sample of Chinese children and adolescents,” J. Affect. Disord., vol. 284, no. January, pp. 98–103, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.02.001.
[26] M. A. J. Luijten et al., “The impact of lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic on mental and social health of children and adolescents,” Qual. Life Res., no. 0123456789, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s11136-021-02861-x.
[27] S. Tang, M. Xiang, T. Cheung, and Y. T. Xiang, Mental health and its correlates among children and adolescents during COVID-19 school closure: The importance of parent-child discussion, vol. 279. Elsevier B.V., 2021.
[28] S. J. Lee, K. P. Ward, O. D. Chang, and K. M. Downing, “Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID- 19 . The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect , the company ’ s public news and information ,” no. January, 2020.
[29] A. A. Zainel et al., “Psychological and coping strategies related to home isolation and social distancing in children and adolescents during the covid-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional study,” JMIR Form. Res., vol. 5, no. 4, 2021, doi: 10.2196/24760.
[30] A. Efianingrum et al., “Membangun Sumber Daya Manusia Unggul, Strategi Inovasi Dan Triple Helix Di Indonesia,” J. Mejelis, vol. 7, no. September, 2020.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 S Suyami, Chori Elsera, Sindi Febriyana Cahyaningrum
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
