Study on the Effectiveness of Multimodal Interventions (TEKEN program) to Improve Cognitive Function of the Elderly
Keywords:
Multi modal, Single modal, Kognitif, LansiaAbstract
Multimodal dan single modal menunjukkan efek sederhana dalam memperlambat perkembangan demensia. Tujuan kami adalah menilai dampak intervensi multimodal pada fungsi kognitif lansia dibandingkan dengan modal tunggal. Metode: Multistage random sampling di Surakarta, Indonesia. Intervensi multimodal terdiri dari kombinasi pelatihan kognitif dan senam yang dikemas dengan istilah program TEKEN (Telaten, Eling, Kekancan, Etung, seNeng) dan modal tunggal meliputi pelatihan kogitif, senam dan pendidikan kesehatan. Pelaksanaan 2 kali seminggu selama 24 kali pertemuan. Pengukuran fungsi kognitif menggunakan The Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) dan The Montreal of Cognitive Assasement (MoCA) versi Indonesia dilakukan di awal dan akhir (3 bulan). Analisis menggunakan effect size/ES (d), regresi logistik, korelasi Kendall Tau Test. Hasil: 188 yang masuk dalam analisis akhir, terbagi 61 kelompok dengan program TEKEN, pelatihan kognitif: 40, senam: 49 dan pendidikan kesehatan: 38. Program TEKEN mempunyai ES (d) cukup besar (0,46) lebih kecil dari program pelatihan kognitif dan lebih kecil dari program senam pada pengukuran MMSE, sedangkan pada MoCA-Ina, program TEKEN mempunyai ES (d) kecil (0,19) namun lebih besar dari program kognitif dan lebih pula dari program senam. Nilai ES pada MoCA-Ina dapat menjadi nilai standar awal pada penelitian berikutnya. Kesimpulan: Multi modal dan single modal dapat meningkatkan fungsi kognitif pada lansia namun multi modal tidak mempunyai efek lebih bermakna secara keseluruhan dari modal tunggal (pelatihan kognitif, senam dan pendidikan kesehatan).
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