Optimization of Essential Oil Production from Clove Leaves and Clove Handles (Syzgium Aromaticum) Using UAP Distillation Method
Optimasi Produksi Minyak Atsiri dari Daun Cengkeh dan Gagang Cengkeh (Syzgium Aromaticum) Menggunakan Metode Destilasi UAP
Keywords:
Clove, Essential Oil, DistilledAbstract
Clove oil is one of the essential oils from the clove tree (syzygium aromaticum) which is abundant in Indonesia. Essential oil can be made from the leaves and handles of deciduous cloves. The composition of the oil produced varies depending on the state of the leaves and the method of distillation. The quality of essential oil is largely determined by the properties and chemical compounds contained therein. This study uses the steam distillation method to extract oil from clove leaves and clove handles. Clove leaves are dried according to variations in drying time. The variation of drying time used is 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, and 14 days. Clove leaves were chopped until slightly fine and then weighed as much as 2000 grams. While the study distilled 2000 grams of clove handle into a distillation kettle with a variety of feeds, namely 2 mesh and 8 mesh. This study aims to determine the optimization of the length of leaf drying time used, the effect of distillation process time, and the most optimal yield that can be produced, density analysis and refractive index analysis. The results of this study are expected to provide more knowledge related to clove leaf oil production.
References
Alighiri, D. et al. (2018) ‘Quality improvement by batch vacuum distillation and physicochemical characterization of clove leaf oil in Central Java, Indonesia’, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 983(1). doi:10.1088/1742-6596/983/1/012163.
Aprilia Budiarti, dan M.H.N.S. (2012) ‘Proses Pengambilan Minyak Atsiri Dari Daun Nilam Dengan Pemanfaatan Gelombang Mikro (Microwave)’, Jurnal Teknik Pomits, 1(1), pp. 1–5.
Aryawati, F. meyla and Nyuwito (2017) ‘Pengaruh Perlakuan Bahan Dan Massa Daun Cengkeh Terhadap Rendemen Dan Kualitas Minyak Dengan Metode Air Dan Uap’, Prosiding Seminar Nasional, 7(1), pp. 142–155.
Bahti., 1998, Teknik Pemisahan Kimia dan Fisika, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung.
Bustaman, S. (2011) ‘Potensi Pengembangan Minyak daun Cengkeh Sebagai Komoditas EKspor Maluku’, Jurnal Litbang Pertanian, 30(4), pp. 132–139.
Guenther, Ernest. 1987. Minyak Atsiri. Jilid 1. Diterjemahkan oleh S. Ketaren. Universitas Indonesia Press. Jakarta.
Hizbiyyah, A. et al. (2020) ‘Synthesis of zno-Ag nanocomposites trough ultrasonication-microwave combination method with clove leaf oil’, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 833(1). doi:10.1088/1757-899X/833/1/012070.
Jayanudin, J. (2018) ‘Komposisi kimia minyak atsiri daun cengkeh dari proses penyulingan uap’, Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia, 10(1), p. 37. doi:10.5614/jtki.2011.10.1.5.
Masrukan and Santoso, U. (2019) ‘Microencapsulation of Clove Leaf Essential Oil (Syzygium aromaticum) with Buffalo Gelatin Encapsulant Using Spray Drying Method’, Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian, 20(1), pp. 45–52.
Megawati, R.F., Da’i, M. and Munawaroh, R. (2010) ‘Quality Analysis of Clove Bud Essential Oils (Syzygium Aromaticum (L.) Meer. &Perry) From Maluku, Sumatera, Sulawesi and Java With Metabolomic Based On GC-MS Method’, Pharmacon, 11(2), pp. 57–61.
Nirwana, C.H. and Zamrudy, W. (2021) ‘Studi Literatur Karakteristik Minyak Cengkeh (Clove Oil) Dari Beberapa Metode Distilasi’, Distilat: Jurnal Teknologi Separasi, 7(2), pp. 561–569. doi:10.33795/distilat.v7i2.271.
Nurdjannah, Nanan., 2004, Diversifikasi Penggunaan Cengkeh, Indonesian Center for Agricultural Postharvest Research and Development, Bogor, 3: 61 – 70.
Paul Madubuike, David Ezemokwe, N.M. (2018) ‘Phytochemical Screening of Eugenia Caryophyllata (Clove Leaves) and Characterization of Its Essential Oil’, International Journal Peer Reviewed Journal Refereed Journal Indexed Journal UGC Approved
Journal Impact Factor, 4(2), pp. 163–167. Available at: www.wwjmrd.com.
Perdana, L.R., Lutfi, M. and Hendrawan, Y. (2015) ‘Uji Performansi Unit Penyulingan Uap Daun Cengkeh Skala Laboratorium dengan Pretreatment Pencacahan Daun The Performance Testing o f Laboratory Scale ’ s Steam Distillation Of Clove Leaves With Cut-up Pretreatment in Leaves’, Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem, 3(3), pp. 295–302.
Prianto, H., dkk (2013) ‘Isolasi dan karakterisasi dari minyak bunga cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) Kering Hasil Destilasi Uap’, Kimia Student Journal, 1(2), pp. 269–275.
Supriatna, A.; Rambitan, U.N.; Sumangat D.; Nurdjannah, N. 2004. Analisis Sistem Perencanaan Model Pengembangan Agroindustri Minyak Daun Cengkeh : Studi Kasus di Sulawesi Utara. Buletin TRO, XV(1). :1-18.
Tuganyita, M., Gugule, S. and Anom, I.D.K. (2019) ‘Pemisahan dan identifikasi komponen-komponen utama minyak atsiri dari daun cengkeh segar dan kering (syzygium aromaticum)’, Fullerene Journal of Chemistry, 4(2), p. 44. doi:10.37033/fjc.v4i2.71.
Ummah, R., Mastuti, L. and Humaidah, S. (2020) ‘Perbedaan Pencacahan Daun Cengkeh Varietas Zanzibar (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Terhadap Hasil Minyak Atsiri’, Agriprima : Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences, 4(1), pp. 71–82. doi:10.25047/agriprima.v4i1.322.
Valdivieso-Ugarte, M. et al. (2021) ‘In vitro examination of antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities of cinnamon, white thyme, and clove essential oils’, Journal of Functional Foods, 81(April). doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104436.
Wildan Habib, Ayong Zia Ul Haq, Pantjawarni Prihatini, M. (2013) ‘Perbandingan Metode Steam Distillation dan Steam-Hydro Distillation dengan Microwave Terhadap Jumlah Rendemen serta Mutu Minyak’, Jurnal Teknik Pomits, 2(2), pp. 234–238.
Asfiyah, S. (2020) ‘Modifikasi Deanstark Upaya Efisiensi Proses Distilasi Uap Minyak Biji Pala Dalam Praktikum Kimia Organik’, Indonesian Journal of Laboratory, 2(1), p. 10. doi: 10.22146/ijl.v2i1.54161.
Hadi, S. (2013) ‘PENGAMBILAN MINYAK ATSIRI BUNGA CENGKEH (Clove Oil) MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT n-HEKSANA DAN BENZENA’, Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan, 1(2), p. 75346.
Lova, I. P. S. T. et al. (2018) ‘PERBANDINGAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN, TANGKAI BUNGA DAN BUNGA CENGKEH BALI (Syzygium aromaticum L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acne DENGAN METODE DIFUSI DISK’, Jurnal Kimia, p. 30. doi: 10.24843/jchem.2018.v12.i01.p06.
Nirwana, C. H. and Zamrudy, W. (2021) ‘Studi Literatur Karakteristik Minyak Cengkeh (Clove Oil) Dari Beberapa Metode Distilasi’, Distilat: Jurnal Teknologi Separasi, 7(2), pp. 561–569. doi: 10.33795/distilat.v7i2.271.
Nuryoto, Jayanudin and Hartono, R. (2011) ‘Karakterisasi Minyak Atsiri dari Limbah Daun Cengkeh’, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia “Kejuangan”, pp. 1–4.
Pratiwi, L., Rachman, M. S. and Hidayati, N. (2016) ‘Ektraksi Minyak Atsiri Dari Bunga Cengkeh Dengan Pelarut Etanol Dan N-Heksana’, 2, pp. 131–137.
Setiawan, T. (2018) ‘Rancang Bangun Alat Destilasi Uap Bioetanol Dengan Bahan Baku Batang Pisang’, Jurnal Media Teknologi, 04(02), pp. 119–128.
Tulungen F (2019) ‘Cengkeh Dan Manfaatnya Bagi Kesehatan Manusiqa Melalui Pendekatan Competitive Intelligence’, Biofarmasetikal Tropis, 2(2), pp. 158–169.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
