Perbedaan Status Kesehatan Mental, Tekanan Darah dan Indeks Massa Tubuh antara Pegawai Pemerintah vs Non Pegawai Pemerintah (Sebuah Studi Observasional di Indonesia)
Keywords:
status kesehatan mental, tekanan darah, indeks massa tubuh, pegawai pemerintahAbstract
Peningkatan usia harapan hidup telah menjadi fenomena utama di negara-negara maju, dengan komposisi penduduk didominasi populasi lanjut usia. Konsekuensinya adalah tingginya beban penyakit tidak menular, seperti penyakit kardiovaskuler, tekanan darah tinggi, dan problema kesehatan mental. Pekerjaan ASN mempunyai tekanan untuk menghasilkan kinerja prima, dan dari beberapa penelitian didapatkan bahwa indikator kesehatan seperti overweight/obese, obesitas sentral, perilaku merokok mencapai sepertiga hingga separuh dari populasi instansi yang diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan kesehatan mental, tekanan darah dan indeks masa tubuh antara ASN vs non ASN. Penelitian berdesain studi potong lintang ini, dilakukan pada periode waktu November 2021. Pengambilan data meliputi pemeriksaan antropometri, tekanan darah, berat badan, tinggi badan, lingkar perut dan lingkar pinggang. Subyek penelitian ini merupakan anggota keluarga atau tetangga dekat dari mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Tingkat depresi, anxietas dan stress didapat dari pengisian kuesioner depression, anxiety, stress scale-21 [DASS-21] versi Indonesia. Data dianalisis dengan membandingkan rerata tingkat depresi, anxietas, stress, indeks masa tubuh, rasio lingkar pinggang – panggul, dan diuji menggunakan uji alternative Mann Whitney U test. Hasil analisis bivariat didapatkan bahwa pada aspek kesehatan mental, rerata tingkat depresi, anxietas dan stress dari ASN lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan non ASN, secara berurutan nilai p = 0.002, 0.001, dan 0.001. Rerata tekanan darah ASN baik sistolik maupun diastolic, dan juga indeks masa tubuh lebih tinggi dibandingkan non ASN secara berurutan nilai p = 0.004, 0.009 dan 0.001. Semua nilai p secara statistic signifikan (kurang dari 0.05 dan lebih dari 0.001). Kesimpulan : Kesehatan mental ASN lebih baik dibandingkan dengan non ASN, tetapi tekanan darah dan indeks masa tubuh ASN lebih buruk dibandingkan dengan non ASN
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