Analisis Kelembagaan Dalam Upaya Penguatan Kinerja Ukm Pangan
Keywords:
Desain kelembagaan, Biaya Transaksi, Kinerja UKMAbstract
Kinerja UKM merupakan isu strategis bagi pembangunan ekonomi daerah. Desain kelembagaan dan masih tingginya biaya transaksi menjadi pendorong masih rendahnya kinerja UKM. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh desain kelembagaan terhadap kinerja UKM, menganalisis pengaruh keberadaan biaya transaksi terhadap kinerja UKM, dan menganalisis pengaruh desain kelembagaan dan biaya transaksi terhadap kinerja UKM. Penelitian ini dilakukan di daerah rawan banjir di Kabupaten Klaten Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Populasi penelitian adalah semua pelaku usaha UKM pangan yang pernah mengalami banjir minimal sebanyak 3 kali. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, dan diambil sebanyak 100 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang dikumpulan melalui wawancara terstruktur. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 alat analisis, yaitu indeks dan regreli linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Klaten merupakan kabupaten dengan indeks ketahanan wilayah atas banjir pada kategori sedang. Sensitivitas merupakan aspek pembentuk ketahanan wilayah paling rendah dimana pendapatan dan kesehatan masyarakat menjadi penyebab utama sensitifitas nilainya rendah. UKM pangan di kabupaten Klaten terdiri dati usaha pertanian padi, penebas padi, pengepul padi, selepan, pedagang grosir dan pegadang eceran memiliki tingkat ketahanan pada kategori sedang, dimana pemasok menjadi aspek pembentuk ketahanan yang paling kuat dan aspek pembentuk paling lemah adalah tenaga kerja. Desain kelembagaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja UKM pangan, dimana semakin baik desain kelembagaan maka juga semakin baik kinerja UKM. Sedangkan biaya transaksi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja UKM pangan, dimana semakin tinggi biaya transaksi akan berpengaruh semakin rendah kinerja UKM.
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