Selain Terapi Antiretroviral Secara Terkontrol, Pasien HIV Juga Memerlukan Dukungan Psikologis dan Lingkungan
Keywords:
Kualitas Hidup WHOQOL-HIV Bref, Intervensi Psikologis, Dukungan LingkunganAbstract
Artikel ini menyajikan profil kualitas hidup pasien HIV yang telah menjalani terapi secara terkontrol. Secara spesifik, peneliti mengulas kebutuhan khusus subyek penelitian terhadap dukungan psikologis dan lingkungan. Penelitian berlangsung di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah KRT Setjonegoro Wonosobo dengan melibatkan 68 subyek penelitian. Seluruh subyek penelitian merupakan pasien HIV yang sedang menjalani terapi antiretroviral (rawat jalan) secara terkontrol dengan durasi lebih dari 6 bulan, dan berusia lebih dari 15 tahun. Investigasi profil kualitas hidup menggunakan kuesioner WHOQOL-HIV Bref versi Bahasa Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien HIV yang menjalani terapi secara terkontrol memiliki nilai kualitas hidup yang lebih baik dari pasien HIV umum. Terapi antiretroviral telah membantu mereka memiliki kualitas fisik, tingkat kemandirian, sisi spiritual dan kemampuan sosial dalam menjalani hidup. Meski begitu, mereka memerlukan intervensi psikologis dan dukungan lingkungan agar memiliki kualitas diri yang merata. Tenaga kesehatan yang terlibat dalam pengelolaan pasien HIV, perlu memberikan intervensi profesional untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mereka dalam berkonsentrasi, serta memastikan mereka senantiasa nyaman dengan kondisi fisiknya. Lebih dari itu, perlu gotong royong pula oleh relasi (keluarga, teman, komunitas) dan tenaga kesehatan dalam menjamin pasien HIV tidak mengalami kesulitan finansial, mampu menikmati waktu secara rileks, dan merasa aman sebagai bagian dari lingkungan sebagaimana masyarakat secara umum.
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Ratnafuri S, Azzahra KA. What do
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Gender differences in quality of life
outcomes of HIV/AIDS treatment in the
latent feminization of HIV epidemics in
Vietnam. AIDS Care. Oktober
2012;24(10):1187–96.
20. Meemon N, Paek SC, Yenchai D, Wan
TTH. Application of the WHOQOL-HIVBREF
Questionnaire in HIV-Infected
Thai Patients: Reliability and Validity of
the Instrument. J Assoc Nurses AIDS
Care. September 2016;27(5):698–708.
21. Cronje JH, Williams M, Steenkamp L,
Venter D, Elkonin D. The quality of life
of HIV-infected South African university
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WHOQOL-HIV-Bref. AIDS Care. 4 Mei
2017;29(5):632–5.
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living with HIV. AIDS Care. Januari
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Mega R. Evaluation on the Effect of
Antiretroviral Drugs on CD4 T-Cell and
the Increment of Body Weight Among
HIV-AIDS Patients in Surabaya. Indones
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Obel N, Gill MJ, Crane HM, dkk.
Survival of HIV-Positive Patients Starting
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P, Ledergerber B, Gatell J, dkk. Long-
Term Exposure to Combination
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from Specific Causes: No Evidence for
Any Previously Unidentified Increased
Risk Due to Antiretroviral Therapy.
AIDS. Januari 2012;26(3):315–23.
27. Baranov V, Bennett D, Kohler H-P. The
Indirect Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy:
Mortality Risk, Mental Health, and HIVNegative
Labor Supply. J Health Econ.
Desember 2015;44:195–211.
28. Khairunisa SQ, Normalina I, Nasronudin
N. Evaluation on the Number of CD4 T
Cells and Antiretroviral Side Effects in
Patients with AIDS. Indones J Trop Infect
Dis. 2012;3(2):96–9.
29. Dagli-Hernandez C, Lucchetta RC, de
Nadai TR, Fernandez Galduróz JC, de
Carvalho Mastroianni P. Self-Perception
of Knowledge and Adherence Reflecting
the Effectiveness of Antiretroviral
Therapy. Patient Prefer Adherence.
September 2016;Volume 10:1787–93.
30. Boateng D, Kwapong GD, Agyei-Baffour
P. Knowledge, Perception About
Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) and
Prevention of Mother-to-Child-
Transmission (PMTCT) and Adherence to
Art Among HIV Positive Women in the
Ashanti Region, Ghana: A Cross-
Sectional Study. BMC Womens Health.
Desember 2013;13(1):1–8.
31. Olowookere SA, Fatiregun AA, Adewole
IF. Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding
HIV/AIDS and Antiretroviral Therapy
Among Patients at a Nigerian Treatment
Clinic. J Infect Dev Ctries. 26 November
2012;6(11):809–16.
32. Skinta MD, Brandrett BD, Schenk WC,
Wells G, Dilley JW. Shame, Self-
Acceptance and Disclosure in the Lives of
Gay Men Living with HIV: An
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Approach. Psychol Health. 4 Mei
2014;29(5):583–97.
33. Zhao M. Factors associated with hostility
among people living with HIV/AIDS in
Northeast China: a cross-sectional study.
BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1189):10.
34. Calvetti PÜ, Giovelli GRM, Gauer GJC,
Moraes JFD de. Psychosocial factors
associated with adherence to treatment
and quality of life in people living with
HIV/AIDS in Brazil. J Bras Psiquiatr.
Maret 2014;63(1):8–15.
35. Nobre N, Pereira M, Roine RP, Sintonen
H, Sutinen J. Factors associated with the
quality of life of people living with HIV
in Finland. AIDS Care. 3 Agustus
2017;29(8):1074–8.
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Wang H. Perceived stigma, medical
social support and quality of life among
people living with HIV/AIDS in Hunan,
China. Appl Nurs Res. Mei
2015;28(2):169–74.
37. J. Culbert G. Violence and the Perceived
Risks of Taking Antiretroviral Therapy in
US Jails and Prisons. Int J Prison Health.
10 Juni 2014;10(2):94–110.
38. Curran K, Ngure K, Shell-Duncan B,
Vusha S, Mugo NR, Heffron R, dkk. ‘If I Am Given Antiretrovirals I Will Think I
Am Nearing the Grave’: Kenyan HIV
Serodiscordant Couples’ Attitudes
Regarding Early Initiation of
Antiretroviral Therapy. AIDS. Januari
2014;28(2):227–33.
39. Reis RK, Santos CB, Gir E. Quality of
life among Brazilian women living with
HIV/AIDS. AIDS Care. 2012;24(5):10.
40. Oliveira FBM, Moura MEB. Quality of
life and associated factors in people living
with HIV/AIDS. Acta Paul Enferm.
2015;28(6):7.
41. Mafirakureva N, Dzingirai B, Postma MJ,
van Hulst M, Khoza S. Health-related
quality of life in HIV/AIDS patients on
antiretroviral therapy at a tertiary care
facility in Zimbabwe. AIDS Care. 2 Juli
2016;28(7):904–12.
Pengendalian Penyakit. Laporan
Perkembangan HIV AIDS dan PIMS
Triwulan III Tahun_2020 [Internet].
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik
Indonesia; 2020 Nov. Report No.:
PM.02.02/III/11205/2020. Tersedia pada:
https://siha.kemkes.go.id/portal/files_uplo
ad/Laporan_Perkembangan_HIV_AIDS_
dan_PIMS_Triwulan_III_Tahun_2020.pd
f
2. World Health Organization. Indonesia
HIV Country Profile 2019 [Internet].
[dikutip 10 Maret 2021]. Tersedia pada:
https://cfs.hivci.org/countryfactsheet.
html
3. World Health Organization. HIV/AIDS
[Internet]. Key Facts. 2020 [dikutip 10
Maret 2021]. Tersedia pada:
https://www.who.int/news-room/factsheets/
detail/hiv-aids
4. Suswani A, Arsin AA, Amiruddin R,
Syafar M, Palutturi S. Factors related
quality of life among people living with
HIV and AIDS in Bulukumba. Int J
Community Med Public Health.
2018;5(8):5.
5. Liping M, Peng X, Haijiang L, Lahong J,
Fan L. Quality of Life of People Living
with HIV/AIDS: A Cross-Sectional Study
in Zhejiang Province, China. PLOS ONE.
2015;10(8):14.
6. Karkashadze E, Gates MA, Chkhartishvili
N, DeHovitz J, Tsertsvadze T.
Assessment of quality of life in people
living with HIV in Georgia. Int J STD
AIDS. 2017;28(7):7.
7. Handajani YS, Djoerban Z, Irawan H.
Quality of Life People Living with
HIV/AIDS: Outpatient in Kramat 128 Hospital Jakarta. Acta Med Indones.
2012;44(4):7.
8. Zubaran C, Medeiros G, Foresti K, May
W, Michelim L, Madi JM, dkk. Quality of
life and adherence to antiretroviral
therapy in Southern Brazil. AIDS Care. 4
Mei 2014;26(5):619–25.
9. Lutfiyati H, Santoso SB, Pribadi P,
Ratnafuri S. The use of antiretroviral
therapy (ARV) in HIV/AIDS patients.
Technol Rep Kansai Univ. 2020;62(03):6.
10. Santoso SB, Perwitasari DA, Faridah IN,
Kaptein AA. Hubungan Kualitas Hidup
Dan Persepsi Pasien Tentang Penyakit
Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Dengan
Komplikasi. Pharmaciana. 2017;7(1):33.
11. Gaspar J, Reis RK, Pereira FMV, Neves
LA de S, Castrighini C de C, Gir E.
Quality of Life in Women with Hiv/Aids
in a Municipality in the State of são
Paulo. Rev Esc Enferm USP. Maret
2011;45(1):230–6.
12. Tran BX. Quality of Life Outcomes of
Antiretroviral Treatment for HIV/AIDS
Patients in Vietnam. PLoS ONE.
2012;7(7):8.
13. Oguntibeju O. Quality of life of people
living with HIV and AIDS and
antiretroviral therapy. HIVAIDS - Res
Palliat Care. Agustus 2012;2012(4):117.
14. Salehi M, Niroumand S, Erfanian M,
Sajjadi R, Dadgarmoghaddam M.
Validation of Persian version of
WHOQOL-HIV BREF questionnaire in
Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr
Health J. 1 September 2016;22(9):647–
53.
15. Santoso SB, Lutfiyati H, Prasidha RI,
Ratnafuri S, Azzahra KA. What do
patients with HIV-infection perceive and
know regarding to antiretrovirals? An
exploration among participants
undergoing controlled-therapy. Technol
Rep Kansai Univ. 2020;62(04):7.
16. Muhammad NN, Shatri H, Djoerban Z,
Abdullah M. Uji Kesahihan dan
Keandalan Kuesioner World Health
Organization Quality of Life-HIV Bref
dalam Bahasa Indonesia untuk Mengukur
Kualitas Hidup Pasien HIV/AIDS. J
Penyakit Dalam Indones. 30 September
2017;4(3):112.
17. World Health Organization. WHOQOLHIV
Instrument Users Manual: Scoring
and Coding for the WHOQOL-HIV
Instruments [Internet]. Department of
Mental Health and Substance Dependence
World Health Organization; 2002.
Tersedia pada:
https://www.who.int/mental_health/media
/en/613.pdf
18. Handayani S, Ratnasari NY, Husna PH,
Marni, Susanto T. Quality of Life People
Living with HIV/AIDS and Its
Characteristic from a VCT Centre in
Indonesia. Ethiop J Health Sci.
2019;29(6).
19. Tran BX, Ohinmaa A, Nguyen LT,
Oosterhoff P, Vu PX, Vu TV, dkk.
Gender differences in quality of life
outcomes of HIV/AIDS treatment in the
latent feminization of HIV epidemics in
Vietnam. AIDS Care. Oktober
2012;24(10):1187–96.
20. Meemon N, Paek SC, Yenchai D, Wan
TTH. Application of the WHOQOL-HIVBREF
Questionnaire in HIV-Infected
Thai Patients: Reliability and Validity of
the Instrument. J Assoc Nurses AIDS
Care. September 2016;27(5):698–708.
21. Cronje JH, Williams M, Steenkamp L,
Venter D, Elkonin D. The quality of life
of HIV-infected South African university
students: Experiences with the
WHOQOL-HIV-Bref. AIDS Care. 4 Mei
2017;29(5):632–5.
22. da Silva J, Bunn K, Bertoni RF, Neves
OA, Traebert J. Quality of life of people
living with HIV. AIDS Care. Januari
2013;25(1):71–6.
23. Frederika E, Normalina I, Nasronudin N,
Mega R. Evaluation on the Effect of
Antiretroviral Drugs on CD4 T-Cell and
the Increment of Body Weight Among
HIV-AIDS Patients in Surabaya. Indones
J Trop Infect Dis. 2012;3(2):92–5.
24. Machado-Alba JE, Vidal X. Effectiveness
of Antiretroviral Treatment in Colombia.
Rev Panam Salud Pública. November
2012;32(5):360–7.
25. Trickey A, May MT, Vehreschild J-J,
Obel N, Gill MJ, Crane HM, dkk.
Survival of HIV-Positive Patients Starting
Antiretroviral Therapy Between 1996 and
2013: A Collaborative Analysis of Cohort
Studies. Lancet HIV. Agustus
2017;4(8):e349–56.
26. Kowalska JD, Reekie J, Mocroft A, Reiss
P, Ledergerber B, Gatell J, dkk. Long-
Term Exposure to Combination
Antiretroviral Therapy and Risk of Death
from Specific Causes: No Evidence for
Any Previously Unidentified Increased
Risk Due to Antiretroviral Therapy.
AIDS. Januari 2012;26(3):315–23.
27. Baranov V, Bennett D, Kohler H-P. The
Indirect Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy:
Mortality Risk, Mental Health, and HIVNegative
Labor Supply. J Health Econ.
Desember 2015;44:195–211.
28. Khairunisa SQ, Normalina I, Nasronudin
N. Evaluation on the Number of CD4 T
Cells and Antiretroviral Side Effects in
Patients with AIDS. Indones J Trop Infect
Dis. 2012;3(2):96–9.
29. Dagli-Hernandez C, Lucchetta RC, de
Nadai TR, Fernandez Galduróz JC, de
Carvalho Mastroianni P. Self-Perception
of Knowledge and Adherence Reflecting
the Effectiveness of Antiretroviral
Therapy. Patient Prefer Adherence.
September 2016;Volume 10:1787–93.
30. Boateng D, Kwapong GD, Agyei-Baffour
P. Knowledge, Perception About
Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) and
Prevention of Mother-to-Child-
Transmission (PMTCT) and Adherence to
Art Among HIV Positive Women in the
Ashanti Region, Ghana: A Cross-
Sectional Study. BMC Womens Health.
Desember 2013;13(1):1–8.
31. Olowookere SA, Fatiregun AA, Adewole
IF. Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding
HIV/AIDS and Antiretroviral Therapy
Among Patients at a Nigerian Treatment
Clinic. J Infect Dev Ctries. 26 November
2012;6(11):809–16.
32. Skinta MD, Brandrett BD, Schenk WC,
Wells G, Dilley JW. Shame, Self-
Acceptance and Disclosure in the Lives of
Gay Men Living with HIV: An
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Approach. Psychol Health. 4 Mei
2014;29(5):583–97.
33. Zhao M. Factors associated with hostility
among people living with HIV/AIDS in
Northeast China: a cross-sectional study.
BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1189):10.
34. Calvetti PÜ, Giovelli GRM, Gauer GJC,
Moraes JFD de. Psychosocial factors
associated with adherence to treatment
and quality of life in people living with
HIV/AIDS in Brazil. J Bras Psiquiatr.
Maret 2014;63(1):8–15.
35. Nobre N, Pereira M, Roine RP, Sintonen
H, Sutinen J. Factors associated with the
quality of life of people living with HIV
in Finland. AIDS Care. 3 Agustus
2017;29(8):1074–8.
36. Wu X, Chen J, Huang H, Liu Z, Li X,
Wang H. Perceived stigma, medical
social support and quality of life among
people living with HIV/AIDS in Hunan,
China. Appl Nurs Res. Mei
2015;28(2):169–74.
37. J. Culbert G. Violence and the Perceived
Risks of Taking Antiretroviral Therapy in
US Jails and Prisons. Int J Prison Health.
10 Juni 2014;10(2):94–110.
38. Curran K, Ngure K, Shell-Duncan B,
Vusha S, Mugo NR, Heffron R, dkk. ‘If I Am Given Antiretrovirals I Will Think I
Am Nearing the Grave’: Kenyan HIV
Serodiscordant Couples’ Attitudes
Regarding Early Initiation of
Antiretroviral Therapy. AIDS. Januari
2014;28(2):227–33.
39. Reis RK, Santos CB, Gir E. Quality of
life among Brazilian women living with
HIV/AIDS. AIDS Care. 2012;24(5):10.
40. Oliveira FBM, Moura MEB. Quality of
life and associated factors in people living
with HIV/AIDS. Acta Paul Enferm.
2015;28(6):7.
41. Mafirakureva N, Dzingirai B, Postma MJ,
van Hulst M, Khoza S. Health-related
quality of life in HIV/AIDS patients on
antiretroviral therapy at a tertiary care
facility in Zimbabwe. AIDS Care. 2 Juli
2016;28(7):904–12.
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2021-05-27
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Santoso, S. B., Lutfiyati, H., Afifi, U. H., & Ratnafuri, S. (2021). Selain Terapi Antiretroviral Secara Terkontrol, Pasien HIV Juga Memerlukan Dukungan Psikologis dan Lingkungan. Prosiding University Research Colloquium, 905–911. Retrieved from https://repository.urecol.org/index.php/proceeding/article/view/1497
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Copyright (c) 2021 Setiyo Budi Santoso, Heni Lutfiyati, Ulfahishofi Hanifah Afifi, Shellyta Ratnafuri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
