Evaluasi Efektivitas Penggunaan Obat Dihydroartemisinin Piperaquine (DHP) Dan Artesunate Amodiaquine (AAQ) Pada Malaria Falciparum Tanpa Komplikasi: Literature Review
Keywords:
dyhidroartemisinin piperaquine, artesunate amodiaquine, malaria falciparumAbstract
Malaria merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Plasmodium sp. yang ditransmisikan melalui orang ke orang oleh gigitan nyamuk Anopheles betina. Kasus malaria dan kematian dilaporkan memiliki jumlah yang signifikan di Asia Tenggara, Mediterania Timur, Pasifik Barat, dan Amerika. Diperkirakan ada 228 juta kasus dan hampir setengah dari populasi dunia berisiko terkena malaria pada tahun 2018, dan perkiraan jumlah kematian malaria mencapai 405.000 orang. Prioritas kesehatan masyarakat global adalah melindungi kemanjuran obat Artemisinin Based Combination (ACT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan obat Dihydroartemisinin Piperaquine (DHP) dan Artesunate Amodiaquine (AAQ) pada malaria falciparum tanpa komplikasi. Metode penelitian ini berupa literature review menggunakan database google scholar, pubmed, dan sciene direct. Hasil penelitian didapatkan efikasi penggunaan obat DHP pada hari ke 28 dan 42 populasi per protocol (PP) dan Intention to treat (ITT) sebesar 96,7-100% dan waktu bebas parasit antara hari ke 1-3 dan juga masih terdapat parasit pada H27, waktu bebas gametosit bervariasi, rerata waktu bebas demam pada H2-H3 ada yang sampai ari ke 14. Efikasi penggunaan obat AAQ didapatkan waktu bebas demam H2 dan ada yang sampai H7 dengan waktu bebas parasit antara H2-H3. Efikasi menggunakan analisis PP dan ITT antara 96-100%. Simpulan efikasi penggunaan obat Dihydroartemisinin Piperaquine (DHP) masih tinggi dianalisis menggunakan Per Protocol (PP) Intention to Treat (ITT) dan pada hari ke 28 dan 42 sebesar 96,7-100% dan Artesunate Amodiaquine (AAQ) sebesar 96-100%.
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[2] WHO, 2020. Malaria eradication: benefits, future scenarios & feasibility (online) (https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/malaria-eradication-benefits-future-scenarios-feasibility) (4 Januari 2020).
[3] Natalia, D. S., Gunawan, E. and Pratiwi, R. D., 2016. Evaluasi Penggunaan Obat Antimalaria di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah ( RSUD ) Abepura , Jayapura, Jurnal Biologi Papua, 8(2), pp. 72–78.
[4] Kemenkes, 2017. Eliminasi Malaria Indonesia. (online) http://www.malaria.id/p/buku-tahun-2017.html (24 Desember 2020).
[5] Menard, D., and Fidock, D.A., 2019. Accelerated Evolution and Spread of Multidrug-Resistant Plasmodium Falciparum Takes Down the Latest First-Line Antimalaria Drug in Southeast Asia. (online) https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(19)30394-9/fulltext. (24 Desember 2020).
[6] WHO, 2010. World health report 2010. https://www.who.int/healthsystems/topics/financing/healthreport/whr_background/en/ (24 Desember 2020).
[7] Yusuf, Y., 2014. Faktor Resiko Munculnya Plasmodium spp. Resisten Di Kecamatan Tapalang , Sulawesi Barat’, Jurnal Bionature, pp. 41–44.
[8] Lidia, K., Dwiprahasto, I. and Kristin, E., 2015. Therapeutic Effects of Dyhidroartemisinin Piperaquine versus Chloroquine for Uncomplicated Vivax Malaria in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 31(2), pp. 247–251.
[9] WHO, 2014. Malaria: From Malaria Control to Malaria Elimination: A Manual for Elimination Scenario Planning April 2014. (online) http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/9789241507028/en (4 Januari 2020).
[10] Siswantoro, H., Hasugian A. R., Avrina, R., Risniati, Y., Tjitra E., 2011. Efikasi Dan Keamanan Dihidroartemisinin-Piperakuin (DHP) Pada Penderita Malaria Falsiparum Tanpa Komplikasi Di Kalimantan Dan Sulawesi. Media Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, 21(3 Sept). https://doi.org/10.22435/mpk.v21i3Sept.95.
[11] Siswantoro H., Hasugian Armedy Ronny , Purnamasar T., Laning S., Yanuar L., Dedang T., Emiliana T., 2014. Perbandingan Efektifitas Dosis Sekali Minum Artemisinin-Naftokuin Dengan Pengobatan Pasien Dewasa Malaria. 129–136.
[12] Widjaja, J., Anastasia, H., Sumolang, P. P. F., & Lobo, L. T., 2015. Monitoring efikasi pengobatan kombinasi Artesunate Amodiaquine (AAQ) pada penderita malaria Plasmodium falciparum tanpa komplikasi di Sulawesi Tenggara. Journal of Vector-Borne Disease Studies, 6(2), 49–54. https://doi.org/10.22435/aspirator.v6i2.3630.49-54.
[13] Bia, M.B., Murhandarwati, E.H., Lobo, N.F., Hawley, W.A., Supargiyono, 2011. Efficacy of Artemisinine-based Combination Therapy (ACT) to uncomplicated falciparum malaria patients in Purworejo. (online) https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bik/article/view/11514/pdf (11 November 2020).
[14] Handayani, S., Hasugian, A. R., Ekowatiningsih, R., & Tjitra, E., 2016. Faktor Bebas Gametosit pada Malaria Falciparum tanpa Komplikasi dengan Pengobatan Dihidroartemisinin- Piperakuin di Indonesia. Media Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, 26(4), 219–226. https://www.neliti.com/publications/179265/.
[15] Marantina, S. S., Syafruddin, D., Wibowo, H., Sutanto, I., Asih, P.B.S., Suradi , Prayitno I.E., 2016. Hubungan Polimorfisme Gen Fc?RIIA dengan Densitas Plasmodium.pdf. 4(1), 37-43. DOI: 10.23886/ejki.4.5907.37-43.
[16] Yeka, A., Kigozi, R., Conrad, M. D., Lugemwa, M., Okui, P., Katureebe, C., & Rosenthal, P. J., 2016. Artesunate/amodiaquine versus artemether/lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Uganda: a randomized trial. The Journal of infectious diseases, 213(7), 1134-1142.
[17] Toure, O. et al., 2018. Current Efficacy of the First Line Uncomplicated Malaria Treatment in Two Sentinels Sites of Côte d’Ivoire, International Journal of Clinical
Research & Trials, 3(1). doi: 10.15344/2456-8007/2018/124.
[18] Sagara, I., Beavogui, A. H., Zongo, I., Soulama, I., Borghini-Fuhrer, I., Fofana, B., Traore, A., Diallo, N., Diakite, H., Togo, A. H., Koumare, S., Keita, M., Camara, D., Somé, A. F., Coulibaly, A. S., Traore, O. B., Dama, S., Goita, S., Djimde, M., Djimde, A. A., 2018. Pyronaridine–artesunate or dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine versus current first-line therapies for repeated treatment of uncomplicated malaria: a randomised, multicentre, open-label, longitudinal, controlled, phase 3b/4 trial. The Lancet, 391(10128), 1378–1390. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30291-5
[19] Raobela, O., Andriantsoanirina, V., Rajaonera, D. G., Rakotomanga, T. A., Rabearimanana, S., Ralinoro, F., Ménard, D., & Ratsimbasoa, A., 2018. Efficacy of Artesunate Amodiaquine in the treatment of falciparum uncomplicated malaria in Madagascar. Malaria Journal, 17(1), 5–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2440-0
[20] Ebai, C. et al., 2018. Efficacy of Artesunate-amodiaquine Combination Therapy against Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in a Forty-two Day Follow-up in the Ikata-Likoko Area of Southwest Cameroon’, International Journal of Tropical Disease & Health, 30(4), pp. 1–13. doi: 10.9734/ijtdh/2018/41651.
[21] Abuaku, B., DuahQuashie, N. O., Quaye, L., Matrevi, S. A., Quashie, N., Gyasi, A., Owusu-Antwi, F., Malm, K., & Koram, K., 2019. Therapeutic efficacy of Artesunate Amodiaquine and artemether-lumefantrine combinations for uncomplicated malaria in 10 sentinel sites across Ghana: 2015-2017. Malaria Journal, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2848-1.
[22] Ashley, E.A., Dhorda, M., Fairhurst, R.M., Amaratunga, C., Lim, P., Suon, S., Sreng, S., Anderson, J.M., Mao, S., Sam, B., et al., 2014. Spread of Artemisinin Resistance in Plasmodium falciparum Malaria. Journal of Medicine, 371(5), pp. 411-423. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1314981.
[23] Kinansi, R. R., Mayasari, R. and Pratamawati, D. A., 2017. Pengobatan Malaria Kombinasi Artemisinin (ACT) di Provinsi Papua Barat Tahun 2013. Jurnal Litbang Pengendalian Penyakit Bersumber Binatang Banjarnegara, pp. 43–54. doi: 10.22435/blb.v13i1.255.
[24] Lingani, M., Bonkian, L. N., Yerbanga, I., Kazienga, A., Valéa, I., Sorgho, H.,
Ouédraogo, J. B., Mens, P. F., Schallig, H. D. F. H., Ravinetto, R., D’Alessandro, U., & Tinto, H., 2020. In vivo/ex vivo efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine and Artesunate Amodiaquine as first-line treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in children: An open label randomized controlled trial in Burkina Faso. Malaria Journal, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3089-z.
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2021-05-27
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Safita, N., Sutrisna, E., Bestari, R. S., & Nurhayani, N. (2021). Evaluasi Efektivitas Penggunaan Obat Dihydroartemisinin Piperaquine (DHP) Dan Artesunate Amodiaquine (AAQ) Pada Malaria Falciparum Tanpa Komplikasi: Literature Review. Prosiding University Research Colloquium, 1138–1147. Retrieved from https://repository.urecol.org/index.php/proceeding/article/view/1530
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